Application parameters of high-voltage connectors in automobiles

Application parameters of high-voltage connectors in automobiles

(1) Use position: As the name suggests, it is the application position of the connector on different high-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle. Choose the connector.

(2) Rated voltage: the maximum voltage at which electrical equipment (including electricity and power supply equipment) can work stably for a long time.

The rated voltage is proportional to the creepage distance & electric clearance. In other words, the higher the rated voltage requirement, the larger or longer the connector. The design standard of creepage distance & electric clearance is in accordance with GBT 16935.1 (IEC 60664-1)

(3) Rated current: The rated current of electrical equipment refers to the maximum current that is allowed to pass for a long time when the heat does not exceed the long-term allowable temperature of heat under the rated voltage working condition under the reference ambient temperature.

For electric vehicles, P=UI, and the rated current is determined by the power P of the electrical equipment and the output voltage U.

Peak current: The maximum current value generated by an electric vehicle at the moment of rapid acceleration, climbing, or overload.

The current-carrying cross-sectional area is proportional to the rated current of the connector. In other words, the larger the pin/hole/wire cross-section, the larger the current it can pass, and the larger the connector.

（4.1）Design HVIL function purpose

Confirm the integrity of the entire high-voltage system. When the circuit of the high-voltage system is disconnected or the integrity is damaged, the safety measures of the whole vehicle will be activated.

（4.2）Realization of HVIL function

a. The entire system needs to be structured, which must be designed during system development;

b. Mainly through the connector to complete;

c. The HVIL circuit is a low-voltage circuit, which is independent of the power circuit.

（4.3）The realization principle of connector HVIL function

The power and signal terminals should meet:

——When connecting, the power terminal is connected first, and the signal terminal is connected later.

——When disconnected, the signal terminal is disconnected first, and the power terminal is disconnected later.

Special note: the connection of the power terminal indicates a good contact, and a virtual contact is unacceptable

（5） shield

Alternating electric field shielding: In order to reduce the coupling interference voltage of the alternating electric field to the sensitive circuit, a metal shield with good conductivity can be set between the interference source and the sensitive circuit, and the metal shield can be grounded. The main difference between shielded and unshielded connectors is whether a metal shield with good conductivity is provided.

（6） Protection level

The IP protection level is composed of two numbers. The first marked number indicates the level of protection against dust and foreign objects. The second marked number indicates the degree of airtightness of the appliance against moisture and water intrusion. The larger the number, the protection. The higher the level.

（7）Way out

Mainly refers to the angle between the outlet angle of the cable at the end of the electrical connector plug and the normal direction of the socket installation surface. According to this division, there are common 90° (curved) and 180° (straight) outlet electrical connectors.

(8) Socket installation method

In order to meet the needs of OEM designers for different arrangements of connectors